What is a Hysteroscopy?
Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows a doctor to examine the inside of the uterus using a thin, lighted telescope called a hysteroscope. The hysteroscope is inserted through the vagina and cervix into the uterus.
Purpose of Hysteroscopy
A hysteroscopy is primarily used to diagnose and treat conditions that cause abnormal uterine bleeding, such as:
- Abnormal uterine bleeding
- Heavy menstrual bleeding
- Irregular spotting between periods
- Bleeding after menopause
- Fibroids or polyps
- Infertility or repeated miscarriages
- Uterine scarring or abnormalities
Diagnostic Hysteroscopy
During a diagnostic hysteroscopy, the doctor uses the hysteroscope to examine the inside of the uterus and take tissue samples (biopsies) if needed. This helps diagnose conditions like:
- Abnormal endometrial thickening
- Postmenopausal bleeding
- Blocked fallopian tubes
- Endometrial cancer
- Intrauterine adhesions (scar tissue)
Operative Hysteroscopy
An operative hysteroscopy is used to treat abnormalities found during a diagnostic hysteroscopy. The doctor inserts surgical instruments through the hysteroscope to remove or treat conditions like:
- Fibroids
- Polyps
- Adhesions
- Uterine septum
- Displaced IUDs
- Endometrial ablation to destroy the uterine lining
Procedure
During a hysteroscopy, the doctor inserts the hysteroscope through the vagina and cervix into the uterus. A liquid or gas is injected to expand the uterus for a better view. The doctor examines the uterine lining and takes any needed tissue samples or performs procedures.
Recovery
Recovery time depends on the type of hysteroscopy performed. Minor procedures can be done in the practice with minimal downtime. More complex procedures may require general anesthesia and a short hospital stay. Mild cramping and light bleeding are common for a few days after the procedure. In summary, hysteroscopy is a safe, minimally invasive procedure used to diagnose and treat various uterine conditions. It allows the doctor to see inside the uterus and perform procedures with precision.